The Introduction Of Chinese Food Cultural Studies Essay

The Introduction Of Chinese Food Cultural Studies Essay Chinese cuisine has a long history, famous all over the world. Chinese cuisine has developed and matured over the centuries, forming a rich cultural content It is characterized by fine selection of ingredients, precise processing, particular care to the amount of fire, and substantial nourishment. Local flavors and snacks, and special dishes have formed according to regions, local products, climate, historical factors, and eating habits.  The development and diversity of the delights of Chinese cuisine are also representative of Chinas long history. With each dynasty new recipes were created until the art of food preparation reach its peak during the Qing Dynasty (1644 1911). The dinner called Man Han Quan Xi that incorporates all the very best of Man and Han Cuisine is held in high esteem involving as it does countless dishes, each with its own distinctive flavor and appeal. This veritable banquet in its preparation and presentation typifies all of the culture and culinary arts t hat have been perfected over centuries and is a comprehensive amalgam of taste, instruments, and manners.   It also has their own flavor and appeal in our ethnic groups, which is quite distinctive. China has local cuisine, imperial dishes, and dishes of ethnic minorities, Islamic dishes with a strong religious flavor and vegetarian dishes. At the beginning China had only four styles of cuisine. As a sort of traditional food in China, wonton   originated in North China. It was viewed by ancient Chinese as a sealed stuffed bun without holes and therefore was named Huidun (meaning chaos). It was later called wonton in line with the formation rule of Chinese characters. Wonton has a long history. There existed numerous wonton restaurants in cities in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Wonton was featured by clear soup and delicate stuffing at that time. Its fineness was ever appraised by poets and was hard to achieve by common people. In ancient times, it was a custom in some regions to eat wonton on the midwinter day, which is said to has bearing on a famous doctor Zhang Zhongjing. He ever stuffed wonton with medicinal materials on the midwinter day to cure villagers who suffered frostbite. Wanton mee is very famous in many countries, such as Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and so on. In Hong Kong, wonton noodles are usually served in steaming hot soup with shrimp wontons and garnished with leafy vegetables. There are plenty of variations of this popular Cantonese dish, with different toppings and garnishes. For example the soup and wontons in a separate bowl, the noodles being served relatively dry, with the toppings and garnishes, dressed with sauce, dipping the noodles in the soup to eat it. Malaysia offers different versions of the dish, with different states having different versions of the dish and there are versions from  Johor,  Pahang,  Perak, Penang,  Sarawak, and  Selangor. The Malaysian version differs from the original in having slices of  char siu  added to the dish, as well as the possibility of the soup and wontons in a separate bowl, the noodles being served relatively dry and dressed with  oyster sauce. The  Singapore  ver sion of  wanton noodle  is largely similar to the Malaysian version. Wonton noodles  are also very popular in  Thailand, where, as in Malaysia and Singapore, the dish is often ordered together with barbecued pork which is then called  bami mu daeng kiao   Bakkwa  is a  Chinese  salty-sweet  dried meat  product similar to  jerky, made in the form of flat thin sheets. It is normally made from  pork. Bakkwa is believed to have originated from a meat preservation and preparation technique used in ancient  China  that is still practiced in places with  Hokkien  influence. In  Malaysia,  Singapore, and the  Philippines  bakkwa  or  bagua  is the most widely used name. Cantonese speakers use the term  yuhk gÃ…Â n, Anglicised version  long yok, while in  China  and  Taiwan  the product is more commonly known as  rougan. Commercially available versions are sometimes labeled as barbecued pork, dried pork, or pork jerky. Bakkwa is particularly popular as a  snack  in  Macau,  Malaysia,  Singapore,  Taiwan  and the  Philippines. In Taiwan, it is regarded as one of the three pork delicacies. In Malaysia and Singapore, bakkwa has become a highly popular gift offered to visitors and acquaintances, as well as amongst corporate employees (some during the  Chinese New Year). In Muslim-majority countries like Malaysia,  halal  chicken varieties of the snack may be used as a gift substitute. It may also be served in functions such as  Chinese wedding  banquets and religious ceremony dinners. While demand is particularly high during the festive seasons, it is also served throughout the year in various outlets as takeaway snacks or to be served together with main courses at home. The meat is commonly sold in red-colored bags or packaging, an auspicious color in  Chinese culture. In this question, students will learned more about the Chinese food and get more cookings knowledge. Such as the ingredients that can make the tasty Chinese foods. Students also can make it while at home, increasing the cookings skill if could. Especially the students can continue to learning the Chineses cuisine, such as the ingredients to cooking the Chinese food, traditional cooking, provisions, rations, cuisine, and so on. Thats exceptionally effective for those students who expecting to working in Food and Beverage department, Kitchen department, or open a business for selling the Chineses traditional food. What is Chinese set? The history of Chinese cuisine in China traced back to Peking Man and his use of fire and the invention of cuisine some 400,000 years ago. Some other accounts of the history of Chinese cuisine takes the beginning to the Chinese stone age, where the cultivation of rice and the production of noodles, both typical representations of Chinese cuisine as it is known today, are understood from archaeological findings. Not long after the expansion of the Chinese Empire during the Qin Dynasty and Han Dynasty, Chinese writers noted the great differences in culinary practices among people from different parts of the realm. These differences followed to a great extent the varying climate and availability of foodstuffs in China. Different ethnic groups might occupy only small areas, but early on, their cuisines were included in systematic lists of Chinese cuisines. Most Chinese cuisines belong to one of the Four Schools: Lu, Yang (named after Jiangsus major style, Huaiyang cu isine), Chuan and Yue. These are often translated as the cuisines of Shandong, Sichuan, Jiangsu and Guangdong. Table setting refers to the way to set a table with tableware-such as eating utensils and dishware-for serving and eating. The arrangement for a single diner is called a place setting. The table should have a centerpiece that performs a solely decorative function. If an informal dinner is being served that will fill the available places at the table, care should be taken to make the centerpiece not too large so that there will be sufficient room to place serving dishes. Informal settings generally have fewer utensils and dishes but use a stereotyped layout based on more formal settings. Utensils are arranged in the order and the way a person will use them. Usually in Western culture, that means that the forks, bread plate, spreader, and napkin are to the left, while knives, spoons, drink ware, cups, and saucers are to the right, although the left-right order is reversed in a minority of countries. The most formal dinner is served from the kitchen. When the meal is served, in addition to the place plate at each setting there is the roll, the napkin, and the following cutlery/silver: knives, spoons where applicable, to the right and forks to the left. Coffee is served in Butler Service style in demitasse and spoons are placed on the saucer to the right of each handle. The utensils at a formal dinner must be sterling silver. Serving dishes and utensils are not placed on the table for a formal dinner. The only exception to these general rules is the protocol followed at the Spanish royal court, which was also adopted by the Habsburg court: accordingly all utensils were placed on the right. At a less formal dinner, not served from the kitchen, the dessert fork and spoon can be set above the plate, fork pointing right, to match the other forks, spoon pointing left. There are a variety of configurations of cutlery on the market but are usually in groups of four groups of eight, but some are in groups of twelve. Most of the cutlery set is a set of five panel members, consisting of a salad fork, fork, a spoon, a spoon and a knife from the table. Appliance parts can have a spoonful of sugar, butter knife and serving well. Some cutlery sets simply consists of kitchen knives, where you have five kitchen knives, a sharpening or butcher and a wooden block bearings, which are the essential dignity. You can put a pair of kitchen scissors and will. At the upper end of these groups, some very used include various Diameter as the chefs knife, paring knife, bread knife, utility knife (for cutting vegetables, fruits and other questions a day) and maybe a knife or scissors. Students can learn about the Chineses table setting, and the menus about the Chineses cuisine that have to showing to customer. That is a useful and a knowledgeable for the hospitality students because Chineses cuisine having a lot of knowledgeable to let the students discovered. Moreover, we can learned how to making the Chineses menu if the students can imagine to open a big dining restaurant for serving the Chineses food by the Chineses table setting.

Humalit Poems – Torres

CHILDREN AND LOVERS Ophelia Alcantara-Dimalanta (1934-2010) children have a special knack for making you feel odd and nude suddenly even with that vaguest piece of smile you ready somewhere to cover a scorching shame when they wickedly naive and sportive barge in without ceremony and when you finally shut that errant door on them again to try resuming love you terminate it both ways instead it seems the look of bewilderment and hurt they leave behind you cannot annul henceforth an alienating chill scudding across your upright headboard flipped into stiffened sheets and consciences eighty and brittle with adult experiences and reconsidered passions confounding even the best intentions but even more final than all finalities fumbled for is the cool crisp â€Å"later† you wall them away with somewhere again love waiting suffers a little falling away you end up wishing lovers are more like gaming children and children less like gnarled impatient lovers. DREAMWEAVERS Marjorie M. Ev asco (b. 1953) We are entitled to our own definitions of the worlds we have in common: earthhouse(stay) waterwell(carry) firestove(tend) airsong(sigh) etherdream(die) and try out new combinations ith key words unlocking power house on fire sing! stove under water stay, earth filled well die. The spells and spellings of our vocabularies are oracular in translation one woman in Pagnito-an another in Solentiname still another in Harxheim and many other women naming half the world together canmove their earth musthouse their fire be water to their song will their dreams well. THE CONVERSION J. Neil C. Garcia (b. 1969) It happened in a metal drum. They put me there, my family that loved me. The water had been saved just for it, that day. The laundry lay caked and smellyIn the flower-shaped basins. Dishes soiled with fat and swill piled high in the sink, and grew flies. My cousins did not get washed that morning. Lost in masks of snot and dust, their faces looked tired and resigned to the dirty lot of children. All the neighbors gathered around our open-air bathroom. Wives peered out from the upper floor of their houses into our yard. Father had arrived booming with his cousins, my uncles. They were big, strong men, my uncles. They turned the house inside-out looking for me. Curled up in the deepest corner of my dead mother’s cabinet, father found me.He dragged me down the stairs by the hair into the waiting arms of my uncles. Because of modesty, I merely screamed and cried. Their hands, swollen and black with hair, bore me up in the air, and touched me. Into the cold of the drum I slipped, the tingling too much to bear at times my knees felt like they had turned into water. Waves swirled up and down around me, my head bobbing up and down. Father kept booming, Girl or Boy. I thought about it and squealed, Girl. Water curled under my nose. When I rose the same two words from father. The same girl kept sinking deeper, breathing deeper in the churning void.In th e end I had to say what they all wanted me to say. I had to bring this diversion to its happy end, if only for the pot of rice left burning in the kitchen. I had to stop wearing my dead mother’s clothes. In the mirror I watched the holes on my ears grow smaller, until they looked as if they had never heard of rhinestones, nor felt their glassy weight. I should feel happy now that I’m redeemed. And I do. Father died within five years. I got my wife pregnant with the next. Our four children, all boys, are the joy of my manhood, my proof. Cousins who never shed their masks lay them for all their snot and grime. Another child is on the way. I have stopped caring what it will be. Water is still a problem and the drum is still there, deep and rusty. The bathroom has been roofed over with plastic. Scrubbed and clean, my wife knows I like things. She follows, though sometimes a pighead she is. It does not hurt to show her who is the man. A woman needs some talking sense into. If not, I hit her in the mouth to learn her. Every time, swill drips from her shredded lips. I drink with my uncles who all agree. They should because tonight I own their souls nd the bottles they nuzzle like their prides. While they boom and boom flies whirr over their heads that grew them. Though nobody remembers, I sometimes think of the girl who drowned somewhere in a dream many dreams ago. I see her at night with bubbles springing like flowers from her nose. She is dying and before she sinks I try to touch her open face. But the water learns to heal itself and closes around her like a wound. I should feel sorry but I drown myself in gin before I can. Better off dead, I say to myself and my family that loves me for my bitter breath. We die to rise to a better life. Humalit Poems – Torres CHILDREN AND LOVERS Ophelia Alcantara-Dimalanta (1934-2010) children have a special knack for making you feel odd and nude suddenly even with that vaguest piece of smile you ready somewhere to cover a scorching shame when they wickedly naive and sportive barge in without ceremony and when you finally shut that errant door on them again to try resuming love you terminate it both ways instead it seems the look of bewilderment and hurt they leave behind you cannot annul henceforth an alienating chill scudding across your upright headboard flipped into stiffened sheets and consciences eighty and brittle with adult experiences and reconsidered passions confounding even the best intentions but even more final than all finalities fumbled for is the cool crisp â€Å"later† you wall them away with somewhere again love waiting suffers a little falling away you end up wishing lovers are more like gaming children and children less like gnarled impatient lovers. DREAMWEAVERS Marjorie M. Ev asco (b. 1953) We are entitled to our own definitions of the worlds we have in common: earthhouse(stay) waterwell(carry) firestove(tend) airsong(sigh) etherdream(die) and try out new combinations ith key words unlocking power house on fire sing! stove under water stay, earth filled well die. The spells and spellings of our vocabularies are oracular in translation one woman in Pagnito-an another in Solentiname still another in Harxheim and many other women naming half the world together canmove their earth musthouse their fire be water to their song will their dreams well. THE CONVERSION J. Neil C. Garcia (b. 1969) It happened in a metal drum. They put me there, my family that loved me. The water had been saved just for it, that day. The laundry lay caked and smellyIn the flower-shaped basins. Dishes soiled with fat and swill piled high in the sink, and grew flies. My cousins did not get washed that morning. Lost in masks of snot and dust, their faces looked tired and resigned to the dirty lot of children. All the neighbors gathered around our open-air bathroom. Wives peered out from the upper floor of their houses into our yard. Father had arrived booming with his cousins, my uncles. They were big, strong men, my uncles. They turned the house inside-out looking for me. Curled up in the deepest corner of my dead mother’s cabinet, father found me.He dragged me down the stairs by the hair into the waiting arms of my uncles. Because of modesty, I merely screamed and cried. Their hands, swollen and black with hair, bore me up in the air, and touched me. Into the cold of the drum I slipped, the tingling too much to bear at times my knees felt like they had turned into water. Waves swirled up and down around me, my head bobbing up and down. Father kept booming, Girl or Boy. I thought about it and squealed, Girl. Water curled under my nose. When I rose the same two words from father. The same girl kept sinking deeper, breathing deeper in the churning void.In th e end I had to say what they all wanted me to say. I had to bring this diversion to its happy end, if only for the pot of rice left burning in the kitchen. I had to stop wearing my dead mother’s clothes. In the mirror I watched the holes on my ears grow smaller, until they looked as if they had never heard of rhinestones, nor felt their glassy weight. I should feel happy now that I’m redeemed. And I do. Father died within five years. I got my wife pregnant with the next. Our four children, all boys, are the joy of my manhood, my proof. Cousins who never shed their masks lay them for all their snot and grime. Another child is on the way. I have stopped caring what it will be. Water is still a problem and the drum is still there, deep and rusty. The bathroom has been roofed over with plastic. Scrubbed and clean, my wife knows I like things. She follows, though sometimes a pighead she is. It does not hurt to show her who is the man. A woman needs some talking sense into. If not, I hit her in the mouth to learn her. Every time, swill drips from her shredded lips. I drink with my uncles who all agree. They should because tonight I own their souls nd the bottles they nuzzle like their prides. While they boom and boom flies whirr over their heads that grew them. Though nobody remembers, I sometimes think of the girl who drowned somewhere in a dream many dreams ago. I see her at night with bubbles springing like flowers from her nose. She is dying and before she sinks I try to touch her open face. But the water learns to heal itself and closes around her like a wound. I should feel sorry but I drown myself in gin before I can. Better off dead, I say to myself and my family that loves me for my bitter breath. We die to rise to a better life.

Privacy Preserving For Classification Techniques Essay

1) Privacy Preserving for Classification Techniques It is one of the biggest challenges in data mining. It is a predictive modeling task with the specific aim of predicting the value of a single nominal variable based on the known values of other variables. Classification is the task of generalizing known structure to apply to new data. Classification is a data mining function that assigns items in a collection to target categories or classes. The goal of classification is to accurately predict the target class for each case in the data. A classification task begins with a data set in which the class assignments are known. Classifications are discrete and do not imply order. Continuous, floating-point values would indicate a numerical, rather than a categorical, target. A predictive model with a numerical target uses a regression algorithm, not a classification algorithm. The simplest type of classification problem is binary classification. In binary classification, the target attrib ute has only two possible values: for example, high credit rating or low credit rating. Multiclass targets have more than two values: for example, low, medium, high, or unknown credit rating the model build (training) process, a classification algorithm finds relationships between the values of the predictors and the values of the target. Different classification algorithms use different techniques for finding relationships. These relationships are summarized in a model, which can then beShow MoreRelatedFuture Privacy Of Information Technologies1303 Words   |  6 PagesFuture Privacy of Information Technologies to Protect Personal Data In a modern life, from the minute a person is born, a digital record is created. 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InRead MoreRun Public Auditing Of Cloud Computing Using Protocol Blocker For Privacy Essay1775 Words   |  8 PagesRun time Public Auditing in Cloud Computing Using Protocol Blocker for Privacy Babita Baghat (Computer Engineering) Dhanashri Patil (Computer Engineering) Abstract - Cloud Computing is huge computing, it is the internet based computing, where all users can remotely store their data into the cloud so as to enjoy the latest and high quality applications and services. In outsourcing data , users can be relieved from the burden of local maintenance and data storage .Thus, enabling public auditability

Biblical Analysis Biblical Counseling Essay - 1311 Words

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This gives the counselor the role of getting a treatment or diagnoses of whatever mental ailment the counselee may have and assisting them with dev eloping a Biblical perspective and application of God’s word. Also, this gives the counselor the role of providing biblical answers and solution to whatever issue the counselee might be going through and share the Gospel message. God describes His word as a lamp that guides someone on while they walk and to help gives an understanding. For instance, Psalm 119:105 says â€Å"Your word is a lamp for my feet, a light for my path.† Also, it states this later in Psalm 119:130 â€Å"The unfolding of your wordsShow MoreRelatedFree Essay Is a Scam1711 Words   |  7 Pagesthat you see with this approach. Romantic love, can be viewed from different fields (psychology, sociology, theology), but still can cause connections to be made. To say religion and science complement each other is saying using different types of analysis can bring these together. 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School Based Mentoring Programs ( Sbmp ) - 919 Words

School-based mentoring programs (SBMP) have become widely used due to their presumptuously simple implementation and effective results; however, they remain to be scientifically under-developed and require integrity during implementation (Miller et al., 2013; Smith Stormont, 2011). Undoubtedly, SBMP have been shown to improve students: attitudes, confidence, school engagement, school performance, behaviour, vocational skills, and emotional and social skills (Converse Lignugaris/Kraft, 2009; Miller et al., 2013; Schwartz, Rhodes, Herrera, 2012). Contrarily, these promising outcomes are equally met with many studies that show: no, or only little, improvements; only short-lived results; or only effectiveness with certain types of students (Converse Lignugaris/Kraft, 2009; McQuillin, Smith, Strait, 2011; Miller et al., 2013). A major understanding that many program designers seemingly fail to comprehend is that SBMP are not ‘general-purpose’ programs. Thus, many SBMP are not designed and implemented strategically. Particularly problematic for these poorly designed programs are: the lack of defined success outcomes, measurements of success being open to biases, the ambiguous and faulty evaluations of such programs, and the individual program’s diversity of standards, budgets, objectives, and implementation (Converse Lignugaris/Kraft, 2009; Gusic et al., 2010; Schwartz, Rhodes, Herrera, 2012; Smith Stormont, 2011). Evidently, the difficulty of replicating the

Gulf Coast Motor Free Essays

string(51) " because Glenn does not have anything in his name\." This course includes a challenging Course Project due in Week 6. Because of this, you will need to spend additional time and effort throughout the course to work on your project rather than wait until Week 6. The subject of the project may be based on any Case from any chapter assigned in this course. We will write a custom essay sample on Gulf Coast Motor or any similar topic only for you Order Now Examples are Case 10. 3- Montgomery v. English on page 175 and Case 14. 2- Page v. Gulf Coast Motors on page 111. Choose the case you wish to research and then do the following: Read and understand the case. Show your Analysis and Reasoning and make it clear you understand the material. Be sure to use the concepts of the course to show your reasoning. Summarize the situation. Dedicate at least one heading to each following outline topic: ? Parties [Identify the plaintiff and the defendant and tell something about them. ] Facts [Summarize those facts critical to the outcome of the case. ] Procedure [Who brought the appeal? What was the outcome in the lower court(s)? ] Issue [Note the central question or questions on which the case turns. ] Holding [How did the court resolve the issue(s)? Who won? ] Reasoning [Explain the logic that supported the court’s decision. Case Questions [Be sure to address and thoroughly answer each and every case question and each part of each question. ] Conclusion [This should summarize the key aspects of the decision and also your recommendations on the court’s ruling. ] Include citations on the slides and a reference page with your sources. Use APA style citations and references. Do significant research outside of the book and demonstrate that you have in a very obvious way. This refers to research beyond the legal research. This involves something about the parties or other interesting related area. Show something you have discovered about the case, parties, or other important element from your own research. Be sure this is obvious and adds value beyond the legal reasoning of the case. PAGE v. GULF COAST MOTORS Mary R. PAGE v. GULF COAST MOTORS. 2030401. — December 30, 2004 David Vaughn, Daphne, for appellant. James Rebarchak of Miller, Hamilton, Snider Odom, L. L. C. , Mobile, for appellee. Parties: [Identify the plaintiff and the defendant and tell something about them. ] Gulf Coast Motors sued Glenn and Mary Page to recover money lent at various times to Glenn. Mary asserted the affirmative defenses of the lack of consideration and the Statute of Frauds. Facts: [Summarize those facts critical to the outcome of the case. ] On August 29, 2003, the case was tried by the court without a jury. ? The trial court heard ore tenus testimony from Mary, Glenn, and representatives of Gulf Coast Motors. ? After the trial, the parties submitted briefs on the application of the Stat ute of Frauds as to the claims asserted against Mary. On November 7, 2003, the trial court entered a judgment in the amount of $23,020 in favor of Gulf Coast Motors and against both Glenn and Mary. On December 8, 2003, Mary filed a motion to alter, amend, or vacate the judgment based on the Statute of Frauds. ? That motion was denied on December 9, 2003. ? On January 20, 2004, Mary filed a notice of appeal to this court. ? Glenn did not appeal. Glenn had a long-term friendship with Jerry Sellers, one of the owners of Gulf Coast Motors. ? In or around 1993, Glenn began borrowing money from Gulf Coast Motors on a recurring basis. ? The parties agree that Glenn borrowed money from Gulf Coast Motors and that he â€Å"had a gambling problem,† but there is no evidence as to what Glenn used the loan proceeds for. ? In its brief to this court, Gulf Coast Motors fails to cite to any evidence indicating that Mary derived an economic benefit from the proceeds of any of the loans to Glenn. The loan process was informal. ? Gulf Coast Motors set up a one-page ledger to record Glenn’s loans. ? The ledger sheet showed the debits and credits, and it contained the following stateme nt at the bottom, signed by Glenn: ? â€Å"I agree to pay Jerry Sellers[2 ] as above with waiver of all exemptions. † ? Mary did not sign the ledger sheet, and her name does not appear thereon. At various times between October 2000 and October 2002, Glenn borrowed money from Gulf Coast Motors. ? According to Gulf Coast Motors’s bookkeeper, Glenn â€Å"would come in and borrow money from [Gulf Coast Motors] and set up a payment plan, get cash, then sometimes he’d come in and he would want [Sellers] to cash a check for him and, hold the check. † ? At various times, Glenn made payments, typically in amounts of $300 or $600, to apply toward the balance of his account. ? The parties do not dispute that Glenn was indebted to Gulf Coast Motors. Sellers testified that he became concerned about Glenn’s debt in 2002 and that he asked Mary to guaranty Glenn’s debt. ? According to Sellers, Mary agreed to make sure that Gulf Coast Motors was paid if they would â€Å"work with us. † ? Sellers testified as follows: â€Å"I called [Mary] on the telephone. ? Mary, Glenn is up here wanting me to cash another check and, you know, he’s got a big bill already run up here and he tells me when y’all harvest your timber ? you’re going to pay off all this account† â€Å"And, ah, [Mary] said, well, I’m gonna pay it. ? I promise you that we’ll pay this off. Just work with us until we can sell our timber. ? I promise you you won’t lose a dime. ? You’ll be paid just as soon as we get the money. † Sellers testified that he modified Glenn’s payment terms and made additional advances based on Mary’s assurances that she would make payment. ? Sellers tes tified: â€Å"She said, Well, if you will redo those just put them in a payment where we can pay five of six hundred dollars a month we’ll do that until we sell our timber. ? And based on her promise that she would make sure it was paid, I did that for her because Glenn does not have anything in his name. You read "Gulf Coast Motor" in category "Papers" ? â€Å"And the only assurance I could go forward on was Miss Mary. And she promised me faithfully that I would be paid in full everything was owed and all she wanted me to do was work with them until they could sell their timber. † Mary denied that she had promised to pay any of Glenn’s debt, and she denied that Sellers had asked her to pay Glenn’s debt. ? Mary testified that she never received any money from Sellers or Gulf Coast Motors, and she denied that she had received any economic benefit from moneys lent by Gulf Coast Motors to Glenn. She testified that, if she had been asked, she would have advised Sellers not to lend money to Glenn. ?Because the trial court heard ore tenus evidence, the trial court’s findings of fact are given a presumption of correctness, and we will not reverse the trial court’s judgment based on those findings of fact â€Å"unless it is clearly erroneous, without supporting evidence, manifestly unjust, or against the gr eat weight of the evidence. † ? Odom v. Hull, 658 So. 2d 442, 444 (Ala. 1995). ? Where, however, the issue is the application of law to the facts, the presumption of correctness has no application and our review is de novo. Brown v. City of Huntsville, 891 So. 2d 295 (Ala. 2004); ? Ex parte Board of Zoning Adjustment of Mobile, 636 So. 2d 415 (Ala. 1994). Our disposition of this case turns on the proper application of the Statute of Frauds. ? Specifically,  §? 8-9-2, Ala. Code 1975, provides, in pertinent part: â€Å"In the following cases, every agreement is void unless such agreement or some note or memorandum thereof expressing the consideration is in writing and subscribed by the party to be charged therewith or some other person by him thereunto lawfully authorized in writing: â€Å"? â€Å"(3)? Every special promise to answer for the debt, default or miscarriage of another; â€Å"? â€Å"(7)? Every agreement or commitment to lend money, delay or forebear repayment thereof or to modify the provisions of such an agreement or commitment except for consumer loans with a principal amount financed less than $25,000. † Issue: [Who brought the appeal? What was the outcome in the lower court(s)? ] A promise to pay the debt of another is barred by the Statute of Frauds unless it is in writing. ? It is not disputed that Mary did not sign a note, guaranty, or any other writing promising to pay any part of Glenn’s debts. Therefore, if the purported agreement to pay Glenn’s debt is within the Statute of Frauds, Mary is not liable even if the trial court found Sellers’s testimony to be credible. ? Mary’s alleged oral promises are not enforceable under the Statute of Frauds. Gulf Coast Motors makes three arguments in this appeal. ? First, it argues that Mary’s obligations were original promises to pay, rather than guaranty or collateral agreements, and thus were not within the Statute of Frauds. ? The Alabama Supreme Court has defined â€Å"original† and â€Å"collateral† agreements as follows: â€Å"? Collateral’ agreements are those in which the object of the promise is to become the guarantor of another’s debt; ? these are within the statute and must be in writing to be enforceable. ?‘Original’ agreements are those in which the effect of the promise is to pay the debt of another, but the object of the promise is to promote some purpose of the promisor. † Fendley v. Dozier Hardware Co. , 449 So. 2d 1236, 1238 (Ala. 1984) (citations omitted). ? See also Lawler v. Cook Oil Co. , 640 So. 2d 950, 951 (Ala. Civ. App. 1994). In this case, Mary’s alleged agreement was to guaranty payment of Glenn’s debt. ? Much of the credit had already been extend ed to Glenn when Mary allegedly made her oral promises to guaranty payment. Moreover, there is no suggestion in the record as to any economic purpose that Mary would advance by repayment of Glenn’s debt, and there is no evidence indicating that Mary received any economic benefit from the loans to Glenn. ? See Lankford v. Rucker, 396 So. 2d 105 (Ala. Civ. App. 1981). ? We conclude that the issue presented involves an alleged guaranty, or â€Å"collateral,† agreement, not an â€Å"original† agreement. ?Second, Gulf Coast Motors argues that Ala. Code 1975,  §? 8-9-2(7), exempts from its application agreements or commitments to lend money in cases of â€Å"consumer loans with a principal amount financed less than $25,000. †  §? 8-9-2(7). ? This argument fails because  §? 8-9-2(7) applies to â€Å"commitments to lend money, not to repay money that has been borrowed. † ? Carter v. Holland, 825 So. 2d 832, 836 (Ala. Civ. App. 2001). ? See Rozell v. Childers, 888 So. 2d 1244 (Ala. Civ. App. 2004). ? Mary’s purported guaranty is not an agreement to lend money, and it is therefore not governed by  §? -9-2(7). ? Moreover, a transaction is covered by the Statute of Frauds if it comes within any of the subsections of  §? 8-9-2. ? Because Mary’s purported guaranty was covered by  §? 8-9-2(3), it is irrelevant that it is excluded from the scope of another subsection of the statute. ?Third, Gulf Coast Motors argues, in reliance upon Nelson Realty Co. v. Darling Shop of Birmingham, Inc. , 267 Ala. 3 01, 101 So. 2d 78 (1957), that Mary committed fraud in the procurement of the loans and that the Statute of Frauds therefore does not bar recovery. This argument is without merit because the Alabama Supreme Court recently held that â€Å"an oral promise that is void by operation of the Statute of Frauds will not support an action against the promisor for promissory fraud. † ? Bruce v. Cole, 854 So. 2d 47, 58 (Ala. 2003). ? To allow a promissory-fraud claim in such circumstances would cause the Statute of Frauds to become meaningless. ? Therefore, under Bruce, the promissory-fraud claim is barred because the underlying promise is barred by the Statute of Frauds. Holding: [How did the court resolve the issue(s)? Who won? ] Based on the foregoing, we conclude that Mary’s alleged promises to guaranty or repay Glenn’s debts were within the Statute of Frauds and, therefore, were not enforceable. ? Therefore, we reverse the trial court’s judgment, and we remand the cause for the trial court to enter a judgment in Mary’s favor on all claims. REVERSED AND REMANDED. Reasoning: [Explain the logic that supported the court’s decision. ] Case Questions: [Be sure to address and thoroughly answer each and every case question and each part of each question. ] Critical Legal Thinking What is a guaranty contract? Explain. Business Ethics Did Glenn act ethically in this case? Would Mary have acted unethically if she had actually orally guaranteed to repay her husband’s debts and then raised the Statute of Frauds to prevent enforcement of the oral promises? Contemporary Business Are guaranty contracts often used in business? Can you think of a situation in which a guaranty contract would be required? Conclusion: [This should summarize the key aspects of the decision and also your recommendations on the court’s ruling. ] FOOTNOTES 1. ?When the loans were being made, Glenn was not working and had no assets in his own name. Mary has significant assets in her own name. 2. ?The parties do not discuss the discrepancy between the promise to pay Sellers and Gulf Coast Motors’s claim to be the obligee. ? We note that Gulf Coast Motors is referred to in the record both as a corporation and as â€Å"Jerry Sellers d/b/a Gulf Coast Motors. † 3. ?Sellers testified that he â€Å"refinanced [Glenn] per [Mary’s] request and put all the old other checks in with the other account and redid it at $600 a month. † MURDOCK, Judge. YATES, P. J. , and CRAWLEY and THOMPSON, JJ. , concur. PITTMAN, J. , recuses himself.? How to cite Gulf Coast Motor, Papers

Research Project Analysis of Health And Social Care Free Sample

Questions: 1. Draw conclusions from findings.2. Reflect how own research findings substantiate initial literature review.3. Make recommendations related to area of research.4. Identify potential uses for the research findings within practice. Answers: The purpose of this research project is to analyze data on work related with elderly. One such study was on the impact of climate change in health and social care and its risk while dealing with older patients in England. England experiences significant frequency of weather change and severe weather hazards like floods, cold wave, and heat waves. Heath care staff has a responsibility of protecting the health and wellbeing of older people as they are more vulnerable to climate-related risk. The study was reviewed by map variation across England. This mapping identified areas which could be severely impacted by climatic hazards in the next 20-30 years. Based on the review of a study on the relation between extreme climate and its impact on older patients, they developed operational definition on the pressure on health care system. They tried to relate their studies to UK Climate Impact Programme for 2030, UK Governments flooding projection for 2050 and Coastal Defense Project. The bigg est challenges they identified were how to determine that future socio-demographic condition will lead to vulnerability in health care, and this vulnerability will contribute to risk in elderly. It demonstrated geographic modeling for resilience planning (Oven et al., 2012). Another study was based on what should be the characteristics for health care staff while treating elderly patients. It focused on the importance of communication between caregiver and elderly for good clinical outcomes. A healthy interaction is dependent on health workers personality. The study made a cross-cultural comparison of staff in elderly care according to age and gender. It was found that a lot of characteristics differ for healthcare staff who care for elderly than those who look after the general population. The elderly medical staffs are slow-tempered, very patients, more stoic and reflective. They were tolerant to monotony, were able to predict older patients behavior even when they were not able to speak, and they had a systematic way of working. They had a very optimistic attitude, and their performances were not affected by risky situations. They had the capability to handle different situations, and they are more confident in situations of danger and uncertainty (Ri chter et al., 2012). Elderly care is an important department in health care, but nurses enrolled in the care of older patients are not given much recognition. This has an impact on registered nurse turnover, and the aim of the study was to change this trend. If people have a better understanding of why nurse work in elderly care, then the trend can change. Therefore, the focus was on making the new enrolled nurse realize the meaning of working in elderly care. For the research about 15 registered nurses working in a nursing home in the year 2013 and 2015 respectively were interviewed and the data was analyzed using interpretive methods. It was found that views of nurse changed with time when asked about the meaning of work with elderly. Earlier nurse defined the obstacle to working, but now they described the new opportunities while treating such patients. The study concluded that nurses belief determine whether they will continue to work with elderly or not. Therefore, this research managed to change th e view of nurses about caring for the nurse. It could modify the trend of elderly health care as the low status department (Blomberg et al., 2013). 1. From the literature reviewed on working with elderly, it can be concluded that dealing with the elderly patient is a challenge. Health care staff faces various challenges inefficient health care delivery due to climatic hazards, vulnerability to risk, poor infrastructure, etc. The Older patients are weak and have more risk of adverse outcomes in treatment. Due to demographic changes major countries face issues of aging population. In the future, more health care staff will be needed to look after them. Therefore, it will become necessary for a nurse to be prepared for those challenges and develop their personalities accordingly. Functional status of people decline due to aging, and health care staff plays a role in addressing their operational needs as efficiently as possible (Ericson Lidman et al., 2013). From one of the research, we saw that this sector of health care was neglected earlier. But seeing the issues of aging population worldwide it can be concluded that elderly c are will be in demand, and so nurse who enters this department will get great opportunity to develop their career (Barnett et al., 2012). 2. The initial literature review on three studies based on work with elderly gave me the idea to carry out further research on this topic. I got the idea that elderly care is a crucial sector therefore further research could be done on the best ways to train health care staff on efficient delivery treatment methods. A lot is dependent on their attitude towards working with elderly. So developing expertise in handling such patients will be beneficial in the future (Birren et al., 2014). 3. Based on the above reflection on initial literature review, the key areas of research will be regarding developing competency in nurse, especially in elderly care. The negative issue of health care staff might adversely affect care. So nursing training according to clinical demands is needed. Organization needs to recruit people with good interpersonal skills, and those individuals should be selected who have greater experience in caring for elderly. The nursing board should recognize older people's nursing as a different specialty (Brownie Nancarrow, 2013). 4. The research finding will have great implications for future practice in health care organization. The key areas of development related to theoretical education aging and quality of clinical experience will influence people's career. Therefore identifying theory-practice gaps and efficient delivery of elderly care will bring the better outcome for a patient. Change in ways of care and systematic structures care will be beneficial for development of health care services (Cameron et al., 2012). Reference Barnett, K., Mercer, S. W., Norbury, M., Watt, G., Wyke, S., Guthrie, B. (2012). Epidemiology of multimorbidity and implications for health care, research, and medical education: a cross-sectional study.The Lancet,380(9836), 37-43. Birren, J. E., Lubben, J. E., Rowe, J. C., Deutchman, D. E. (Eds.). (2014).The concept and measurement of quality of life in the frail elderly. Academic Press. Blomberg, K., James, I., Kihlgren, A. (2013). Meanings over time of working as a nurse in elderly care.The open nursing journal,7(1). Brownie, S., Nancarrow, S. (2013). Effects of person-centered care on residents and staff in aged-care facilities: a systematic review.Clinical interventions in Aging,8, 1. Cameron, I. D., Gillespie, L. D., Robertson, M. C., Murray, G. R., Hill, K. D., Cumming, R. G., Kerse, N. (2012). Interventions for preventing falls in older people in care facilities and hospitals.Cochrane Database Syst Rev,12. Ericson Lidman, E., Norberg, A., Persson, B., Strandberg, G. (2013). Healthcare personnels experiences of situations in municipal elderly care that generate troubled conscience.Scandinavian journal of caring sciences,27(2), 215-223. Oven, K. J., Curtis, S. E., Reaney, S., Riva, M., Stewart, M. G., Ohlemller, R., ... Holden, R. (2012). Climate change and health and social care: Defining future hazard, vulnerability and risk for infrastructure systems supporting older peoples health care in England.Applied Geography,33, 16-24. Richter, J., strm, S., Isaksson, U. (2012). Personality Characteristics of Staff in Elderly CareA Cross-Cultural Comparison.Issues in mental health nursing,33(2), 96-100.